clam

clam (old access. form callim, or, acc. to Cod. Gu. 1, calam, Paul. ex Fest. p. 47, 3 Müll.) [root cal-; cf.: calix, celo, cella, occulo, caligo], adv. and prep., secretly, privately; and in the predicate after sum and fore, hidden, secret, unknown (opp. palam; except once in Caes., v. II. infra; in class. prose only used as adv.).

I.

Adv.

A.

In gen.: clamque palamque, Enn. ap. Gell. 12, 4 (247 Vahl.): ignis mortalibus clam Divisus, Att. ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 10, 23:

mea nunc facinora aperiuntur, clam quae speravi fore,

Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 21; cf. Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 46; Lucr. 5, 1157:

nec id clam esse potuit,

Liv. 5, 36, 6: clam mordax canis (Gr. lathrodêktês kuôn), Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 27; cf. Amm. 15, 3, 5; Ter. And. 2, 6, 13; Cat. 21, 5; cf. Ov. Am. 3, 14, 8:

clam peperit uxor,

Ter. Hec. 5, 2, 15:

hanc tu mihi vel vi, vel clam, vel precario Fac tradas (a jurid. formula),

id. Eun. 2, 3, 28; cf. Cic. Caecin. 32, 92:

qui propter avaritiam clam depositum non reddidit,

id. Tusc. 3, 8, 17:

clam mussitantes,

Liv. 33, 31, 1; Suet. Tib. 6:

praemissis confestim clam cohortibus,

id. Caes. 31; id. Ner. 34:

ille Sychaeum Clam ferro incautum superat,

stealthily, Verg. A. 1, 350:

nec dic quid doleas, clam tamen usque dole,

Ov. R. Am. 694:

cui te commisit alendum Clam,

id. M. 13, 432; cf. id. ib. 14, 310 al.—

B.

Esp.

1.

With advv.; with furtim, Plaut. Poen. 3, 3, 49;

with furtive,

id. ib. 5, 2, 61;

with occulte,

Plin. 36, 2, 2, § 6; poet. with tacitus:

tacito clam venit illa pede, and similar words,

Tib. 1, 10, 34; 4, 6, 16; cf.:

strepito nullo clam reserare fores,

id. 1, 8, 60; opp. palam, Enn. l. l.; Plaut. Merc. 5, 4, 63; Cic. Cael. 9, 20; id. Rosc. Am. 8, 23; id. Fam. 1, 1, 4; Tib. 2, 1, 84; Suet. Caes. 80; id. Dom. 2;

and opp. propalam,

Suet. Ner. 22.—

2.

With gen.:

res exulatum at illam clam abibat patris,

Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 43 Ritschl (cf. lathrê Laomedontos, Hom. Il. 5, 269).—

3.

Clam est, with subj.-clause (cf. II. B. infra):

meretricem commoneri Quam sane magni referat, nil clam'st,

Plaut. Mil. 3, 3, 9.—

II.

Prep., without the knowledge of, unknown to, constr. with abl. or acc.

(α).

With abl. (only in the two foll. passages; for Plaut. Merc. 3, 2, 2; 4, 6, 5; id. Curc. 1, 3, 17; id. Am. prol. 107 al., where the abl. formerly stood with clam, have been corrected by Ritschl and recent edd.; v. Speng. ad Ter. And. 1, 5, 52;

but cf. Ussing ad Plaut. Curc. l.l.): nec clam durateus Trojanis Pergama partu Inflammasset equos,

Lucr. 1, 476 Munro ad loc.:

non sibi clam vobis salutem fuga petivit?

Caes. B. C. 2, 32.—

(β).

With acc.:

clam uxorem,

Plaut. As. Grex. 1; id. Cas. prol. 54: clam uxorem et clam filium, [p. 348] id. Merc. 3, 2, 2:

matrem,

id. Mil. 2, 1, 34:

patrem,

id. Merc. 2, 3, 8; 3, 4, 75; id. Truc. 2, 1, 37 Speng.; Gell. 2, 23, 16:

senem,

Plaut. Most. 5, 1, 13:

uxorem,

id. Cas. 2, 8, 32; id. As. Grex. 5; id. Men. 1, 2, 43; 5, 9, 78; id. Merc. 4, 6, 3 Ritschl:

virum,

id. Cas. 2, 2, 28; id. Am. prol. 107:

clam alter alterum,

id. Cas. prol. 51:

illum,

id. Merc. 2, 3, 26:

omnīs,

id. Aul. prol. 7:

clam praesidia Pompeii, Auct. B. Hisp. 3: clam quemdam Philonem,

id. ib. 35:

nostros,

id. ib. 16:

dominum,

Dig. 9, 2, 27, § 14:

haec clam me omnia,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 46.—

B.

Clam me est, it is unknown to me, I know not (only in Plaut. and Ter.):

neque adeo clam me est,

Ter. Hec. 2, 2, 19:

haud clam me est,

id. ib. 3, 4, 10; so id. ib. 4, 1, 53;

4, 2, 1: nec clam te est, quam, etc.,

id. And. 1, 5, 52.—

* C.

Clam habere aliquem = celare aliquem, to keep secret from one, conceal from, Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 35; cf. Prisc. p. 988 P.; Pomp. Comm. Art. Don. p. 399.